Aoyue Refrigeration yana da ingantaccen tsarin kula da najasa.A shekarar 2013, bisa amsa kiran gwamnati, mun kafa namu tsarin kula da najasa.Za a iya fitar da ruwan sharar masana'antu ne kawai bayan an shayar da shi da najasa da kuma cika ka'idojin fitarwa.

Gabaɗaya magana, muna raba tsarin jiyya zuwa manyan matakai huɗu: riga-kafi, jiyya na ilimin halitta, ingantaccen magani, da sludge treatment.Jigon maganin najasa na zamani shine ainihin maganin ƙwayoyin cuta (kwayoyin cuta).Kimiyyar halittu da ke noma ƙwayoyin cuta don cin gurɓatacce a halin yanzu ita ce mafi inganci, mai tsada, da fasahar kula da najasa a cikin duk hanyoyin magani.

1.Kafin sarrafawa

Magani na asali shine don sabis na kula da ƙwayoyin cuta (kwayoyin cuta) na gaba (sai dai ƙaramin yanki na ruwan datti wanda baya amfani da maganin ƙwayoyin cuta).Tun da yake kwayar halitta ce, babu makawa zai sami wasu bukatu na asali.Yayin da ya cika sharuɗɗan rayuwa, ƙarfin zai girma kuma mafi kyawun maganin najasa.Misali, zafin jiki, yawancin ƙwayoyin cuta suna girma mafi kyau a 30-35 digiri Celsius, tare da pH na 6-8 kuma babu abubuwan hanawa ko abubuwa masu guba.Abubuwan gurɓatawa yakamata su kasance masu sauƙin ci, kamar waɗanda suke kama da 'ya'yan itace ba filastik ba.Har ila yau, kada adadin ruwa ya yi yawa ko ƙasa da ƙasa na ɗan lokaci, don hana ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta mutuwa ko yunwa, da sauransu.

Don haka akwai galibin hanyoyin da za a bi don aiwatarwa:

Grille: Manufar gasa ita ce cire manyan tarkace irin su ɗigon zane, zanen takarda da sauransu daga cikin ruwa, don guje wa yin tasiri a aikin famfo na ruwa a nan gaba.Regulating pool: A lokacin aikin masana'anta, sau da yawa ya zama dole a zubar da ruwa ba tare da zubar da ruwa a lokaci guda ba, zubar da ruwa mai kauri a lokaci guda, da zubar da ruwa mai haske a lokaci guda.Canjin yana da mahimmanci, amma aiki na gaba yakamata ya zama iri ɗaya.Wurin da aka tsara shi shine tanki na ajiyar ruwa, inda ruwa daga wuraren bita daban-daban da lokutan lokaci ke fara tattarawa a cikin tafki ɗaya.Wannan tafkin yawanci yana buƙatar sanye take da matakan motsa jiki, kamar motsa jiki ko injin motsa jiki, don haɗa ruwa iri-iri daidai gwargwado.Idan acidity da alkalinity bayan haɗuwa ba su kasance tsakanin 6 da 9 ba, sau da yawa ya zama dole don ƙara acid ko alkali don daidaitawa.

Kayan aiki na yanayin zafi: Manufar ita ce daidaita yanayin zafi zuwa kewayon da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta za su iya jurewa.Yawanci hasumiya ce mai sanyaya ko hita.Idan zafin jiki da kansa yana cikin kewayon, to ana iya barin wannan sashe.

Dosing pretreatment.Idan akwai daskararru da yawa da aka dakatar da su ko kuma yawan gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin ruwa, don rage matsi na maganin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ana ƙara abubuwan sinadarai gabaɗaya don rage wani yanki na ƙazanta da kuma dakatar da daskararru.Kayan aikin da aka sanye su a nan yawanci shine iska ko tanki mai lalata ruwa.Detoxification da maganin karya sarkar.Ana amfani da wannan hanyar magani gabaɗaya don yawan maida hankali, mai wahalar ƙasƙantar da kai, maganin ruwa mai guba a cikin sinadarai, magunguna, da sauran masana'antu.Hanyoyi na gaba ɗaya sun haɗa da carbon carbon, Fenton, electrocatalysis, da sauransu.Ta hanyar waɗannan hanyoyin, yawancin abubuwan da ke cikin gurɓataccen abu za a iya ragewa sosai, kuma wasu abubuwan da ƙwayoyin cuta ba za su iya cije su ba za a iya yanke su zuwa sassan baki masu kyau, suna mai da abubuwa masu guba su zama marasa guba ko ƙananan abubuwa masu guba.

2. Sashin maganin ƙwayoyin cuta

A taƙaice, wannan sakin layi yana nufin wasu tafkuna ko tankuna waɗanda suke noma ƙwayoyin cuta don cin gurɓatacce, waɗanda aka raba zuwa matakan anaerobic da aerobic.

Matakin anaerobic, kamar yadda sunan ke nunawa, mataki ne na tsari inda ake noman ƙwayoyin cuta na anaerobic don cinye gurɓataccen abu.Wani muhimmin fasali na wannan mataki shine ƙoƙarin kiyaye jikin ruwa daga sakin iskar oxygen kamar yadda zai yiwu.Ta hanyar sashin anaerobic, ana iya cin babban ɓangare na gurɓataccen abu.Har ila yau, abin mamaki ne yadda za a iya yanke wasu gurɓatattun abubuwan da ba za su iya cije su ta hanyar Aerobic ba zuwa ƙananan sassa waɗanda suke da sauƙin ci, kuma ana iya samar da kayayyaki masu daraja irin su biogas.

Sashin motsa jiki shine sashe na al'adun Microbiological inda iskar oxygen ke buƙata don rayuwa.Kayan aikin da dole ne a samar da su a wannan mataki shine tsarin oxygenation, wanda ke cika ruwa da oxygen don ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta su shaƙa.A wannan mataki, kawai ta hanyar samar da isassun iskar oxygen, sarrafa zafin jiki da pH, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya cinye gurɓataccen abu, suna rage yawan tattarawar su, kuma farashin da kuke cinye shine kawai farashin wutar lantarki na fan cajin iskar oxygen.Shin ba shi da tsada sosai?Tabbas, ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta za su ci gaba da haifuwa kuma su mutu, amma gaba ɗaya, suna haifuwa da sauri.Gawawwakin ƙwayoyin cuta na aerobic da wasu ƙwayoyin cuta suna haɗuwa don samar da sludge mai kunnawa.Tushen ya ƙunshi babban adadin sludge mai kunnawa, wanda dole ne a raba shi da ruwa.sludge mai kunnawa, wanda kuma aka sani da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, galibi ana sake yin fa'ida kuma ana ciyar da shi a cikin tankin motsa jiki, yayin da ake fitar da ƙaramin yanki don bushewa da jigilar ruwa.

3. Babban magani

Bayan maganin ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta, ƙwayar gurɓataccen ruwa a cikin ruwa ba ta da yawa ko kaɗan, amma ana iya samun wasu alamomi da suka wuce misali, kamar cod, ammonia nitrogen, chromaticity, nauyi karafa, da dai sauransu. A wannan lokacin, ƙarin magani. Ana buƙatar daban-daban masu gurɓata yanayi.Gabaɗaya, akwai hanyoyin kamar hawan iska, hazo physicochemical, murkushewa, adsorption, da sauransu.

4. Sludge jiyya tsarin

Ainihin, hanyoyin sinadarai da ilimin halitta suna samar da adadi mai yawa na sludge, wanda ke da babban danshi na kusan kashi 99% na ruwa.Wannan yana buƙatar cire yawancin ruwa.A wannan lokaci, ya kamata a yi amfani da na'urar bushewa, wanda ya ƙunshi na'urorin bel, na'urorin firam, centrifuges, da na'urorin screw stacking, don kula da ruwan da ke cikin sludge zuwa kusan 50% -80%, sa'an nan kuma kai shi zuwa wuraren da aka kwashe, da wutar lantarki. , masana'antar bulo, da sauran wurare.